all-in-one privacy solution":["Proton Unlimited est une solution tout-en-un respectueuse de la vie privée"],"Black Friday":["Black Friday"],"No ads. Privacy by default.":["Aucune publicité, le respect de la vie privée comme règle absolue"],"People before profits":["Les individus passent avant les profits"],"Security through transparency":["Notre engagement de transparence"],"The best Proton Mail ${ BLACK_FRIDAY } deals":["Les meilleures offres ${ BLACK_FRIDAY } de Proton Mail"],"The world’s only community- supported email service":["La seule messagerie au monde soutenue par la communauté"]},"specialoffer:limited":{"${ hours } hour":["${ hours } heure","${ hours } heures"],"${ hoursLeft }, ${ minutesLeft } and ${ secondsLeft } left":["Temps restant : ${ hoursLeft }, ${ minutesLeft }, ${ secondsLeft }"],"${ minutes } minute":["${ minutes } minute","${ minutes } minutes"],"${ seconds } second":["${ seconds } seconde","${ seconds } secondes"],"Limited time offer":["Offre à durée limitée"]},"specialoffer:listitem":{"Create multiple addresses":["Créez plusieurs adresses"],"Hide-my-email aliases":["Alias « hide-my-email »"],"Quickly unsubscribe from newsletters":["Désabonnez-vous rapidement des newsletters"],"Use your own domain name":["Utilisez votre propre nom de domaine"]},"specialoffer:logos":{"As featured in":["Ils en parlent"]},"specialoffer:metadescription":{"Get an encrypted email that protects your privacy":["Choisissez une messagerie électronique chiffrée qui protège votre vie privée"]},"specialoffer:metatitle":{"Proton Mail Black Friday Sale - Up to 40% off":["Offre Proton Mail Black Friday - Jusqu'à 40 % de réduction"]},"specialoffer:newmetadescription":{"Get up to 40% off Proton Mail subscriptions this Black Friday. Find great deals on our secure end-to-end encrypted email plans.":["Obtenez jusqu'à 40 % de réduction sur les abonnements Proton Mail à l'occasion du Black Friday. Profitez d'offres exceptionnelles sur nos abonnements de messagerie électronique sécurisée et chiffrée de bout en bout."]},"specialoffer:newmetatitle":{"Proton Mail Black Friday sale | Up to 40% off secure email":["Offre Black Friday Proton Mail | Jusqu'à 40 % de réduction"]},"specialoffer:note":{"* Billed at ${ TOTAL_SUM } for the first year":["* Facturé ${ TOTAL_SUM } pour la première année"],"*Billed at ${ TOTAL_SUM } for the first 2 years":["*Facturé ${ TOTAL_SUM } pour les 2 premières années"],"30-day money-back guarantee":["Garantie satisfait ou remboursé pendant 30 jours"],"Billed at ${ TOTAL_SUM } for the first 2 years":["Facturé ${ TOTAL_SUM } pour les 2 premières années"],"Billed at ${ TOTAL_SUM } for the first year":["Facturé ${ TOTAL_SUM } pour la première année"],"You save ${ SAVE_SUM }":["Vous économisez ${ SAVE_SUM }"]},"specialoffer:off":{"${ DISCOUNT } off":["-${ DISCOUNT }"],"${ PERCENT_OFF } off":["-${ PERCENT_OFF }"]},"specialoffer:testimonial":{"I love my ProtonMail":["J'adore mon ProtonMail"],"My favorite email service":["Ma messagerie électronique préférée"],"Thanks Proton for keeping us all safe in the complicated internet universe.":["Merci Proton de nous garder en sécurité dans l'univers complexe d'internet."],"You get what you pay for. In the case of big tech, if you pay nothing, you get used. I quit using Gmail and switched to @ProtonMail":["Vous avez ce pour quoi vous payez. Avec les Big Tech, si vous ne payez rien, vous êtes utilisé. J'ai arrêté d'utiliser Gmail et je suis passée @ProtonMail"]},"specialoffer:time":{"Days":["Jours"],"Hours":["Heures"],"Min":["Min"]},"specialoffer:title":{"And much more":["Avec en plus"],"Make your inbox yours":["Votre boite de réception sur mesure"],"Safe from trackers":["À l'abri des traqueurs"],"Stay organized":["Bien organisé"],"Black Friday email deals":["Offres Black Friday pour la messagerie électronique"],"Don’t just take our word for it":["Ce qu'en disent nos utilisateurs"],"Our story":["Notre histoire"],"Transfer your data from Google in one click":["Transférez vos données depuis Google en un clic"]},"specialoffer:tooltip":{"Access blocked content and browse privately. Includes ${ TOTAL_SERVERS }+ servers in ${ TOTAL_COUNTRIES }+ countries, connect up to 10 devices, access worldwide streaming services, malware and ad-blocker, and more.":["Accédez aux contenus bloqués et naviguez en toute confidentialité. Comprend plus de ${ TOTAL_SERVERS } serveurs répartis dans plus de ${ TOTAL_COUNTRIES } pays, la possibilité de connecter jusqu'à 10 appareils, l'accès aux services de streaming dans le monde entier, un bloqueur de logiciels malveillants et de publicités et d'autres fonctionnalités."],"Easily share your calendar with your family, friends or colleagues, and view external calendars.":["Partagez facilement votre calendrier avec votre famille, vos amis ou collègues et consultez des calendriers externes."],"Includes support for 1 custom email domain, 10 email addresses, 10 hide-my-email aliases, calendar sharing, and more.":["Comprend la prise en charge de 1 domaine de messagerie personnalisé, de 10 adresses e-mail, de 10 alias « hide-my-email », du partage de calendriers et bien d'autres fonctionnalités."],"Includes support for 3 custom email domains, 15 email addresses, unlimited hide-my-email aliases, calendar sharing, and more.":["Comprend la prise en charge de 3 domaines de messagerie personnalisés, de 15 adresses e-mail, d'un nombre illimité d'alias « hide-my-email », du partage de calendriers et bien d'autres fonctionnalités."],"Manage up to 25 calendars, mobile apps, secured with end-to-end encryption, 1-click calendar import from Google, and more.":["Jusqu'à 25 calendriers, des applications mobiles, la sécurité avec le chiffrement de bout en bout, l'importation de calendrier en un clic depuis Google..."]},"Status Banner":{"At the moment we are experiencing issues with the Proton VPN service":["Nous rencontrons actuellement des problèmes avec le service Proton VPN."],"Learn more":["En savoir plus"]},"Status banner":{"Learn more":["En savoir plus"],"Please note that at the moment we are experiencing issues with the ${ issues[0] } service.":["Nous rencontrons actuellement des problèmes avec le service ${ issues[0] }."],"We are experiencing issues with one or more services at the moment.":["Nous rencontrons actuellement des problèmes avec un ou plusieurs services."]},"suggestions":{"Suggestions":["Suggestions"]},"Support":{"Sub category":["Sous-catégorie","Sous-catégories"]},"Support article":{"${ readingTime } min":["${ readingTime } minute","${ readingTime } minutes"],"Category":["Catégorie","Catégories"],"Didn’t find what you were looking for?":["Vous ne trouvez pas ce que vous cherchez ?"],"General contact":["Contact - Général"],"Get help":["Obtenir de l'aide"],"Legal contact":["Contact - Juridique"],"Media contact":["Contact - Média"],"Partnerships contact":["Contact - Partenariats"],"Reading":["Lecture"]},"Support categories":{"Browse Proton product support":["Parcourez le support produit Proton"]},"Support category":{"There is no article in this category yet.":["Il n'y a pas encore d'article dans cette catégorie."]},"Support troubleshooting":{"--- Select ---":["--- Sélectionner ---"],"App version":["Version de l'application"],"Browser":["Navigateur"],"Check if this helps":["Vérifiez si cela vous aide."],"Choose a category for your question":["Choisissez une catégorie pour votre question"],"Choose a product":["Choisir un produit"],"Did this solve your issue ?":["Cela a-t-il résolu votre problème ?"],"Faster assistance is just a few clicks away — please make your selections":["Il suffit de quelques clics pour obtenir une assistance plus rapide, faites votre sélection."],"No, contact support":["Non, contacter le support"],"Proton account":["Compte Proton"],"Proton Bridge":["Proton Bridge"],"Proton Calendar":["Proton Calendar"],"Proton Drive":["Proton Drive"],"Proton for Business":["Proton for Business"],"Proton Mail":["Proton Mail"],"Proton Pass":["Proton Pass"],"Proton VPN":["Proton VPN"],"Thank you for your feedback":["Nous vous remercions pour votre commentaire."],"Troubleshooting":["Dépannage"],"What can we help with ?":["Comment pouvons-nous vous aider ?"],"Yes":["Oui"]},"support_modal_search_query":{"Search query":["Recherche"]},"support_search_button":{"Search":["Rechercher"]},"support_search_i_am_looking_for":{"I'm looking for":["Je recherche des informations sur..."]},"SupportForm":{"For a faster resolution, please report the issue from the Bridge app: Help > Report a problem.":["Pour que le problème soit résolu plus rapidement, vous pouvez le signaler à partir de l'application Bridge : Aide > Signaler un bug."],"Information":["Informations"]},"SupportForm:option":{"Account Security":["Sécurité du compte"],"Contacts":["Contacts"],"Custom email domain":["Domaine de messagerie personnalisé"],"Email delivery and Spam":["Distribution des messages et indésirables/spam"],"Encryption":["Chiffrement"],"Login and password":["Identifiant et mot de passe"],"Merge aliases and accounts":["Fusion des alias et des comptes"],"Migrate to Proton":["Migration vers Proton"],"Notifications":["Notifications"],"Other":["Autre"],"Plans and billing":["Abonnements et facturation"],"Proton for Business":["Proton for Business"],"Sign up":["Inscription"],"Storage":["Espace de stockage"],"Users, addresses, and identities":["Utilisateurs, adresses et identités"]},"SupportForm:optionIntro":{"Select a topic":["Choisissez un sujet"]},"swiss_baseed_feature":{"Swiss based":["Basé en Suisse"]},"Testimonial":{"Awards":["Récompenses"],"Customers":["Clients"],"Featured":["Ils en parlent"],"Go to testimonial source":["Accéder aux commentaires"],"Reviews":["Avis"],"Videos":["Vidéos"]},"Text":{"Find the plan that's right for you":["Trouvez l'abonnement adapté à vos besoins"],"If you need help, check out our ${ supportLink }.":["Si vous avez besoin d'aide, consultez notre ${ supportLink }."],"The page you’re looking for might have been removed, or it could be an\nold link.":["La page recherchée a peut-être été retirée ou le lien utilisé n'est plus valide."]},"Title":{"On this page":["Sur cette page"],"Related articles":["Articles similaires"],"Share ${ thisPage }":["Partagez ${ thisPage }"],"Thank you!":["Merci !"],"this page":["cette page"]},"Tooltip":{"More information":["Plus d'informations"]},"tooltip_calendar":{"Create up to 20 custom & shareable encrypted calendars. On top of that, add up to 5 calendars from friends, family, colleagues, and organizations.":["Créez jusqu'à 20 calendriers chiffrés personnalisés et partageables. Ajoutez jusqu'à 5 calendriers d'amis, de membres de votre famille, de collègues ou d'organisations."]},"tooltip_vpn":{"Access blocked content and browse privately. Includes ${ TOTAL_SERVERS }+ servers in ${ TOTAL_COUNTRIES }+ countries, highest VPN speed, ${ TOTAL_VPN_CONNECTIONS } VPN connections, worldwide streaming services, malware and ad-blocker, and more.":["Accédez aux contenus bloqués et naviguez en toute confidentialité. Comprend plus de ${ TOTAL_SERVERS } serveurs répartis dans plus de ${ TOTAL_COUNTRIES } pays, la vitesse VPN la plus élevée, ${ TOTAL_VPN_CONNECTIONS } connexions VPN, l'accès aux services de streaming dans le monde entier, un bloqueur de logiciels malveillants et de publicités et d'autres fonctionnalités."],"Access blocked content and browse privately. Includes ${ TOTAL_SERVERS }+ servers in ${ TOTAL_COUNTRIES }+ countries, highest VPN speed, 10 VPN connections, worldwide streaming services, malware and ad-blocker, and more.":["Accédez aux contenus bloqués et naviguez en toute confidentialité. Comprend plus de ${ TOTAL_SERVERS } serveurs répartis dans plus de ${ TOTAL_COUNTRIES } pays, la vitesse VPN la plus élevée, 10 connexions VPN, l'accès aux services de streaming dans le monde entier, un bloqueur de logiciels malveillants et de publicités et d'autres fonctionnalités."]},"version_history_label":{"Version history":["Historique des versions"]},"version_history_tooltip":{"Store up to ${ versionHistoryNumber } versions of each file for up to ${ years } years":["Conservez jusqu'à ${ versionHistoryNumber } versions de chaque fichier pendant ${ years } ans."]},"vpn_features_link":{"View VPN plans":["Voir les abonnements VPN"]},"vpn_features_useCase":{"Access blocked content and browse privately":["Accédez aux contenus bloqués et naviguez en toute confidentialité"]}}},"unleashApi":"https://account.proton.me/api"};
// We need to import data (the framework context) from the server
// This Astro feature with define:vars works well but creates an inline script
// So we can't directly import the initFramework helper, we have to store the context
window.frameworkContext = frameworkContext;
})();
Ban TikTok – But we need a better version of the RESTRICT Act | Proton
The RESTRICT Act, which would enable the the US government to ban TikTok from the US market, is currently working its way through Congress and has the backing of the White House. We’ve analyzed the legislation over the recent weeks, and today we’re sharing our analysis.
What’s the problem with TikTok?
TikTok has repeatedly violated the public’s trust, compromised its users’ privacy(new window), and represents a potential entry point for the Chinese government to spy on users around the world. Chinese companies are compelled by China’s 2017 National Security Law(new window) to give the Chinese government whatever data it requests. ByteDance, TikTok’s parent company, must also have Chinese Communist Party committees within the organization. Given TikTok’s rampant data collection, which potentially includes users’ biometric information(new window) and all keystrokes in its in-app browser(new window), many policymakers fear TikTok could siphon sensitive information on US citizens to the Chinese government.
Given TikTok’s aggressive data collection and troubling lack of transparency, nations have legitimate national security and privacy grounds for banning TikTok. And while TikTok is the most famous app, numerous other Chinese apps have raised similar concerns. Security experts discovered that the popular Chinese app Pindoudou contains malware(new window) and that many of the free Chinese VPN apps(new window) collect even more data than TikTok.
Is the RESTRICT Act the right solution?
However, the RESTRICT Act(new window), in its current form, has many shortcomings that make it a suboptimal piece of legislation. In particular, the powers it grants to the US government’s executive branch are far too broad and lack sufficient checks and balances, all of which may have unintended consequences for internet freedom in the long term.
The legitimate privacy and security threats posed by TikTok, Pinduoduo, and other Chinese apps don’t justify giving the US government sweeping control over what US citizens can access on the internet.
Why the current RESTRICT Act is problematic
The RESTRICT Act would grant the US Secretary of Commerce broad powers to “identify, deter, disrupt, prevent, prohibit, investigate, or otherwise mitigate … any risk arising from any covered transaction by any person, or with respect to any property” that the Secretary determines to pose “an undue or unacceptable risk” to national security, including election interference, sabotage of communications technology, and critical infrastructure, and catastrophic effects to the digital economy. Furthermore, it imposes strict penalties for potentially circumventing restrictions (up to 20 years of jail time in the current text). This combination of factors poses four problems.
Overly broad executive powers
First, the Secretary of Commerce should not have authority to designate foreign adversaries. The “covered transactions” portion of the law refers to any online service subject to the laws of a foreign government that the US considers an adversary. The definition of foreign adversaries includes China, Cuba, Iran, North Korea, and Venezuela, but the bill gives the Secretary of Commerce authority to designate additional governments and regimes as adversaries. This broad authority should be removed as it could easily be abused.
Ambiguous penalties for VPN usage
Second, the bill should not have any ambiguity about whether criminal or civil penalties could apply to individuals who use a VPN to access banned apps. The bill’s current language is vague and could potentially be interpreted to mean that someone using a VPN to bypass restrictions to access an application classified as a national security threat could be subject to penalties. When we reached out to Senator Warner, the sponsor of this bill, he was able to provide the following reassurance on this topic:
“This bill wouldn’t enable criminal or civil penalties against anybody just for using a VPN to access a banned app. This bill is aimed squarely at corporations, not users. I’m a firm believer in — and federal courts have consistently upheld — the First Amendment’s protection for Americans to send and receive information. The RESTRICT Act doesn’t change those vital protections.”
While Senator Warner’s statement makes clear that individuals aren’t the target of this bill, such ambiguity should still be removed from the legislative text.
Lack of transparency and judicial review
Third, the bill should include transparency and accountability mechanisms to guard against government overreach. The Freedom of Information Act gives Americans the right to request federal government records to let people see how officials make decisions. However, Section 15(f)(new window) of the RESTRICT Act exempts any communications related to covered transactions from this legal right.
Unclear enforcement
Fourth, the bill is ambiguous on how a ban on TikTok would be enforced. Would it require internet service providers (ISPs) to simply block access to TikTok IP addresses? What obligations would be imposed on ISPs if TikTok were to deploy countermeasures against IP address blocks? Would ISPs be required to create a more sophisticated firewall similar to China’s Great Firewall(new window)? This would be a massive blow to the free and open internet.
How the RESTRICT Act should be amended
There is a broad bipartisan consensus in the US that malicious Chinese apps like TikTok should be banned, but we believe Congress should strive to pass good legislation. Lawmakers should make two sets of changes to the core of the RESTRICT Act to help it strike the right balance between protecting against malicious Chinese applications while still defending online freedom.
Restrict the scope of RESTRICT
Instead of permitting the Secretary of Commerce the authority to designate additional adversaries, the scope should be limited to the list currently envisioned by Congress, namely China, Cuba, Iran, North Korea, and Venezuela. Any future expansion of this list should require the approval of Congress via the passage of amended legislation.
Prescribe effective but targeted measures
To avoid enforcement overreach and subsequent unintended consequences, the RESTRICT should specifically define what enforcement actions would be required. We believe there are specific actions that the RESTRICT Act can mandate that will diminish the risks posed by Chinese apps without compromising the future of the free and open internet. Even without resorting to overly broad censorship powers, making it difficult and costly for malicious apps to reach the US market is already possible. Examples of restrictions the US government could impose upon banned apps include:
Prohibiting app stores that serve US customers from featuring them
Prevent US advertisers from doing business with them
Prevent US payment processors from handling payments with them
Prevent US-based cloud providers from hosting them
Prevent US social media sites from linking to them
Ban US financial institutions from servicing them
These actions would mean that TikTok would likely still be available within the US for anyone determined to find it. However, ByteDance (TikTok’s owner) would not be able to make any revenue from the US market and, thus, would not have an incentive to serve the US market. The prohibition from app stores that serve US customers would also make it difficult (if not impossible) for all but the most dedicated US consumers to get the app (and those customers would be able to get the app anyways, under the current language of the RESTRICT Act).
This would achieve the legislative intent with far less risk of unintended consequences to internet freedom.
Final thoughts
Given TikTok’s repeated privacy abuses, Pinduoduo’s malicious capabilities, and their close ties to the Chinese government, we understand the need for a faster response. We simply believe that any response must be measured, proportional, applicable to future threats, and acknowledge the unique threats posed by apps and services from China. The RESTRICT Act, as it’s currently written, fails this test.
If you’re a US voter, we invite you to make your voice heard. Contact your senator and urge them to find a responsible way to mitigate TikTok’s influence and amend the RESTRICT Act.
Proton’s mission is to build a better internet where privacy is the default. Keep control of your data and stay safe online with Proton Mail, Proton VPN, and Proton Drive.
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