all-in-one privacy solution":["Proton Unlimited est une solution tout-en-un respectueuse de la vie privée"],"Black Friday":["Black Friday"],"No ads. Privacy by default.":["Aucune publicité, le respect de la vie privée comme règle absolue"],"People before profits":["Les individus passent avant les profits"],"Security through transparency":["Notre engagement de transparence"],"The best Proton Mail ${ BLACK_FRIDAY } deals":["Les meilleures offres ${ BLACK_FRIDAY } de Proton Mail"],"The world’s only community- supported email service":["La seule messagerie au monde soutenue par la communauté"]},"specialoffer:limited":{"${ hours } hour":["${ hours } heure","${ hours } heures"],"${ hoursLeft }, ${ minutesLeft } and ${ secondsLeft } left":["Temps restant : ${ hoursLeft }, ${ minutesLeft }, ${ secondsLeft }"],"${ minutes } minute":["${ minutes } minute","${ minutes } minutes"],"${ seconds } second":["${ seconds } seconde","${ seconds } secondes"],"Limited time offer":["Offre à durée limitée"]},"specialoffer:listitem":{"Create multiple addresses":["Créez plusieurs adresses"],"Hide-my-email aliases":["Alias « hide-my-email »"],"Quickly unsubscribe from newsletters":["Désabonnez-vous rapidement des newsletters"],"Use your own domain name":["Utilisez votre propre nom de domaine"]},"specialoffer:logos":{"As featured in":["Ils en parlent"]},"specialoffer:metadescription":{"Get an encrypted email that protects your privacy":["Choisissez une messagerie électronique chiffrée qui protège votre vie privée"]},"specialoffer:metatitle":{"Proton Mail Black Friday Sale - Up to 40% off":["Offre Proton Mail Black Friday - Jusqu'à 40 % de réduction"]},"specialoffer:newmetadescription":{"Get up to 40% off Proton Mail subscriptions this Black Friday. Find great deals on our secure end-to-end encrypted email plans.":["Obtenez jusqu'à 40 % de réduction sur les abonnements Proton Mail à l'occasion du Black Friday. Profitez d'offres exceptionnelles sur nos abonnements de messagerie électronique sécurisée et chiffrée de bout en bout."]},"specialoffer:newmetatitle":{"Proton Mail Black Friday sale | Up to 40% off secure email":["Offre Black Friday Proton Mail | Jusqu'à 40 % de réduction"]},"specialoffer:note":{"* Billed at ${ TOTAL_SUM } for the first year":["* Facturé ${ TOTAL_SUM } pour la première année"],"*Billed at ${ TOTAL_SUM } for the first 2 years":["*Facturé ${ TOTAL_SUM } pour les 2 premières années"],"30-day money-back guarantee":["Garantie satisfait ou remboursé pendant 30 jours"],"Billed at ${ TOTAL_SUM } for the first 2 years":["Facturé ${ TOTAL_SUM } pour les 2 premières années"],"Billed at ${ TOTAL_SUM } for the first year":["Facturé ${ TOTAL_SUM } pour la première année"],"You save ${ SAVE_SUM }":["Vous économisez ${ SAVE_SUM }"]},"specialoffer:off":{"${ DISCOUNT } off":["-${ DISCOUNT }"],"${ PERCENT_OFF } off":["-${ PERCENT_OFF }"]},"specialoffer:testimonial":{"I love my ProtonMail":["J'adore mon ProtonMail"],"My favorite email service":["Ma messagerie électronique préférée"],"Thanks Proton for keeping us all safe in the complicated internet universe.":["Merci Proton de nous garder en sécurité dans l'univers complexe d'internet."],"You get what you pay for. In the case of big tech, if you pay nothing, you get used. I quit using Gmail and switched to @ProtonMail":["Vous avez ce pour quoi vous payez. Avec les Big Tech, si vous ne payez rien, vous êtes utilisé. J'ai arrêté d'utiliser Gmail et je suis passée @ProtonMail"]},"specialoffer:time":{"Days":["Jours"],"Hours":["Heures"],"Min":["Min"]},"specialoffer:title":{"And much more":["Avec en plus"],"Make your inbox yours":["Votre boite de réception sur mesure"],"Safe from trackers":["À l'abri des traqueurs"],"Stay organized":["Bien organisé"],"Black Friday email deals":["Offres Black Friday pour la messagerie électronique"],"Don’t just take our word for it":["Ce qu'en disent nos utilisateurs"],"Our story":["Notre histoire"],"Transfer your data from Google in one click":["Transférez vos données depuis Google en un clic"]},"specialoffer:tooltip":{"Access blocked content and browse privately. Includes ${ TOTAL_SERVERS }+ servers in ${ TOTAL_COUNTRIES }+ countries, connect up to 10 devices, access worldwide streaming services, malware and ad-blocker, and more.":["Accédez aux contenus bloqués et naviguez en toute confidentialité. Comprend plus de ${ TOTAL_SERVERS } serveurs répartis dans plus de ${ TOTAL_COUNTRIES } pays, la possibilité de connecter jusqu'à 10 appareils, l'accès aux services de streaming dans le monde entier, un bloqueur de logiciels malveillants et de publicités et d'autres fonctionnalités."],"Easily share your calendar with your family, friends or colleagues, and view external calendars.":["Partagez facilement votre calendrier avec votre famille, vos amis ou collègues et consultez des calendriers externes."],"Includes support for 1 custom email domain, 10 email addresses, 10 hide-my-email aliases, calendar sharing, and more.":["Comprend la prise en charge de 1 domaine de messagerie personnalisé, de 10 adresses e-mail, de 10 alias « hide-my-email », du partage de calendriers et bien d'autres fonctionnalités."],"Includes support for 3 custom email domains, 15 email addresses, unlimited hide-my-email aliases, calendar sharing, and more.":["Comprend la prise en charge de 3 domaines de messagerie personnalisés, de 15 adresses e-mail, d'un nombre illimité d'alias « hide-my-email », du partage de calendriers et bien d'autres fonctionnalités."],"Manage up to 25 calendars, mobile apps, secured with end-to-end encryption, 1-click calendar import from Google, and more.":["Jusqu'à 25 calendriers, des applications mobiles, la sécurité avec le chiffrement de bout en bout, l'importation de calendrier en un clic depuis Google..."]},"Status Banner":{"At the moment we are experiencing issues with the Proton VPN service":["Nous rencontrons actuellement des problèmes avec le service Proton VPN."],"Learn more":["En savoir plus"]},"Status banner":{"Learn more":["En savoir plus"],"Please note that at the moment we are experiencing issues with the ${ issues[0] } service.":["Nous rencontrons actuellement des problèmes avec le service ${ issues[0] }."],"We are experiencing issues with one or more services at the moment.":["Nous rencontrons actuellement des problèmes avec un ou plusieurs services."]},"suggestions":{"Suggestions":["Suggestions"]},"Support":{"Sub category":["Sous-catégorie","Sous-catégories"]},"Support article":{"${ readingTime } min":["${ readingTime } minute","${ readingTime } minutes"],"Category":["Catégorie","Catégories"],"Didn’t find what you were looking for?":["Vous ne trouvez pas ce que vous cherchez ?"],"General contact":["Contact - Général"],"Get help":["Obtenir de l'aide"],"Legal contact":["Contact - Juridique"],"Media contact":["Contact - Média"],"Partnerships contact":["Contact - Partenariats"],"Reading":["Lecture"]},"Support categories":{"Browse Proton product support":["Parcourez le support produit Proton"]},"Support category":{"There is no article in this category yet.":["Il n'y a pas encore d'article dans cette catégorie."]},"Support troubleshooting":{"--- Select ---":["--- Sélectionner ---"],"App version":["Version de l'application"],"Browser":["Navigateur"],"Check if this helps":["Vérifiez si cela vous aide."],"Choose a category for your question":["Choisissez une catégorie pour votre question"],"Choose a product":["Choisir un produit"],"Did this solve your issue ?":["Cela a-t-il résolu votre problème ?"],"Faster assistance is just a few clicks away — please make your selections":["Il suffit de quelques clics pour obtenir une assistance plus rapide, faites votre sélection."],"No, contact support":["Non, contacter le support"],"Proton account":["Compte Proton"],"Proton Bridge":["Proton Bridge"],"Proton Calendar":["Proton Calendar"],"Proton Drive":["Proton Drive"],"Proton for Business":["Proton for Business"],"Proton Mail":["Proton Mail"],"Proton Pass":["Proton Pass"],"Proton VPN":["Proton VPN"],"Thank you for your feedback":["Nous vous remercions pour votre commentaire."],"Troubleshooting":["Dépannage"],"What can we help with ?":["Comment pouvons-nous vous aider ?"],"Yes":["Oui"]},"support_modal_search_query":{"Search query":["Recherche"]},"support_search_button":{"Search":["Rechercher"]},"support_search_i_am_looking_for":{"I'm looking for":["Je recherche des informations sur..."]},"SupportForm":{"For a faster resolution, please report the issue from the Bridge app: Help > Report a problem.":["Pour que le problème soit résolu plus rapidement, vous pouvez le signaler à partir de l'application Bridge : Aide > Signaler un bug."],"Information":["Informations"]},"SupportForm:option":{"Account Security":["Sécurité du compte"],"Contacts":["Contacts"],"Custom email domain":["Domaine de messagerie personnalisé"],"Email delivery and Spam":["Distribution des messages et indésirables/spam"],"Encryption":["Chiffrement"],"Login and password":["Identifiant et mot de passe"],"Merge aliases and accounts":["Fusion des alias et des comptes"],"Migrate to Proton":["Migration vers Proton"],"Notifications":["Notifications"],"Other":["Autre"],"Plans and billing":["Abonnements et facturation"],"Proton for Business":["Proton for Business"],"Sign up":["Inscription"],"Storage":["Espace de stockage"],"Users, addresses, and identities":["Utilisateurs, adresses et identités"]},"SupportForm:optionIntro":{"Select a topic":["Choisissez un sujet"]},"swiss_baseed_feature":{"Swiss based":["Basé en Suisse"]},"Testimonial":{"Awards":["Récompenses"],"Customers":["Clients"],"Featured":["Ils en parlent"],"Go to testimonial source":["Accéder aux commentaires"],"Reviews":["Avis"],"Videos":["Vidéos"]},"Text":{"Find the plan that's right for you":["Trouvez l'abonnement adapté à vos besoins"],"If you need help, check out our ${ supportLink }.":["Si vous avez besoin d'aide, consultez notre ${ supportLink }."],"The page you’re looking for might have been removed, or it could be an\nold link.":["La page recherchée a peut-être été retirée ou le lien utilisé n'est plus valide."]},"Title":{"On this page":["Sur cette page"],"Related articles":["Articles similaires"],"Share ${ thisPage }":["Partagez ${ thisPage }"],"Thank you!":["Merci !"],"this page":["cette page"]},"Tooltip":{"More information":["Plus d'informations"]},"tooltip_calendar":{"Create up to 20 custom & shareable encrypted calendars. On top of that, add up to 5 calendars from friends, family, colleagues, and organizations.":["Créez jusqu'à 20 calendriers chiffrés personnalisés et partageables. Ajoutez jusqu'à 5 calendriers d'amis, de membres de votre famille, de collègues ou d'organisations."]},"tooltip_vpn":{"Access blocked content and browse privately. Includes ${ TOTAL_SERVERS }+ servers in ${ TOTAL_COUNTRIES }+ countries, highest VPN speed, ${ TOTAL_VPN_CONNECTIONS } VPN connections, worldwide streaming services, malware and ad-blocker, and more.":["Accédez aux contenus bloqués et naviguez en toute confidentialité. Comprend plus de ${ TOTAL_SERVERS } serveurs répartis dans plus de ${ TOTAL_COUNTRIES } pays, la vitesse VPN la plus élevée, ${ TOTAL_VPN_CONNECTIONS } connexions VPN, l'accès aux services de streaming dans le monde entier, un bloqueur de logiciels malveillants et de publicités et d'autres fonctionnalités."],"Access blocked content and browse privately. Includes ${ TOTAL_SERVERS }+ servers in ${ TOTAL_COUNTRIES }+ countries, highest VPN speed, 10 VPN connections, worldwide streaming services, malware and ad-blocker, and more.":["Accédez aux contenus bloqués et naviguez en toute confidentialité. Comprend plus de ${ TOTAL_SERVERS } serveurs répartis dans plus de ${ TOTAL_COUNTRIES } pays, la vitesse VPN la plus élevée, 10 connexions VPN, l'accès aux services de streaming dans le monde entier, un bloqueur de logiciels malveillants et de publicités et d'autres fonctionnalités."]},"version_history_label":{"Version history":["Historique des versions"]},"version_history_tooltip":{"Store up to ${ versionHistoryNumber } versions of each file for up to ${ years } years":["Conservez jusqu'à ${ versionHistoryNumber } versions de chaque fichier pendant ${ years } ans."]},"vpn_features_link":{"View VPN plans":["Voir les abonnements VPN"]},"vpn_features_useCase":{"Access blocked content and browse privately":["Accédez aux contenus bloqués et naviguez en toute confidentialité"]}}},"unleashApi":"https://account.proton.me/api"};
// We need to import data (the framework context) from the server
// This Astro feature with define:vars works well but creates an inline script
// So we can't directly import the initFramework helper, we have to store the context
window.frameworkContext = frameworkContext;
})();
Many of you might have noticed that Proton Mail had a brief scheduled downtime last week. That was actually the first step of a major infrastructure upgrade that we have just completed. Thanks to the support from our crowdfunding contributors(new window) and around-the-clock work of our team, Proton Mail today is more secure and reliable than it has ever been, even with the huge number of additional users we have recently invited from the waiting list.
For those users who have been on our waiting list for several months, the wait will soon be over as our new infrastructure will allow us to support almost everybody. We will be inviting nearly everybody over the next month!The reason it has taken us so long to get to this point is because building an email architecture that is secure, scalable, and also reliable is no easy task. In this post, we will be describing some of the work the Proton Mail team has been doing in the past couple months to keep your data safe.
Hardware and Network
Proton Mail’s infrastructure scaling is complicated by the fact that we run our own servers which means we also need to build in redundancy on the hardware and network level which greatly increases the required effort. Fortunately, our team has worked on building and managing large scale systems at CERN(new window) and are able to draw from that experience.
Because Proton Mail’s encryption is zero access and we do not have the ability to read our user’s encrypted data, in some ways, it does not matter where we store encrypted data. However, as we have seen in the past, third parties simply cannot be trusted(new window) to safeguard online privacy and freedom. The ONLY way to ensure the highest level of data security and uptime is to have full control over the server hardware and network. This is why despite the added difficulty and complexity, we go a step beyond and only use hardware that we physically own and control within Switzerland to host Proton Mail.
All of our servers feature fully encrypted disks and we use RAID arrays with high redundancy for our storage. The redundancy even extends to the way we power our servers. Within each datacenter, only half of our servers are connected to a single power unit so a failure of an upstream power unit cannot take all servers offline.
Datacenter Redundancy
While we have excellent redundancy within our main datacenter, to ensure even higher reliability, Proton Mail began to build out in a second datacenter this summer. Today, Proton Mail’s hardware infrastructure is spread out across two datacenters in Switzerland to ensure that a catastrophic disaster at one datacenter will not lead to data loss. In a follow up post, we will talk more about Proton Mail’s datacenters.
Infrastructure Architecture
The diagram below gives a high level overview of Proton Mail’s latest architecture after last week’s upgrade. The overarching design philosophy is to eliminate as many single points of failure as possible in order to make Proton Mail the most reliable encrypted email service ever built.
Load Balancing
As Proton Mail’s userbase grew, we rapidly exceeded the capacity of a single server which made it necessary to load balance across multiple servers. Our load balancing system splits the load among multiple web and mail servers and also provide instantant failover in the event of a web or mail server crash.
Web Servers
All Proton Mail servers (web servers included) exclusively run open source software and are Linux based. Our architecture allows additional web servers to be added without downtime. Furthermore, any individual web servers can be taken offline without impacting users. This gives full redundancy in the event of a web server failure, and also allows us to take machines offline at any time to perform security updates.
Mail Servers
Proton Mail’s mail infrastructure is also fully redundant and any mail server can fail without impacting inbound or outbound mail deliverability. Our mail software architecture also allows us to buffer mail on the mail servers. This means in the event of a database failure, mail servers can save incoming messages until the database servers come back online so a database failure will not lead to the loss of incoming messages.
Database Layer
We use a cluster of database servers to store encrypted user messages. We have multiple SQL servers with automatic failover which allows us to lose SQL servers without system downtime. The data servers are clusterized so that individual data servers can be lost without leading to data loss or downtime.
As an additional layer of security, we have a backup data cluster which replicates from the master cluster in real time so in the event of a catastrophic failure of the primary cluster, we can switch to the backup with minimal data loss.
DNS
For added security against DNS attacks and better control over our domain, Proton Mail also runs our own DNS infrastructure which is distributed between our two datacenters for redundancy. Our DNS root zone is managed by SWITCH(new window) which administers .ch domain names on behalf of the Swiss Federal Office of Communications (OFCOM).
Monitoring
Proton Mail utilizes a sophisticated monitoring system that is also distributed between two datacenters in order to monitor the health of our hardware and also detect for potential network intrusions or abnormalities.
Looking Forward
When Proton Mail was first opened to the public back in May, our architecture at that time was run on just two servers (a primary and a backup) and was rapidly overloaded(new window) by users from around the world. Our current architecture is a huge advancement from that and would not have been possible without many months of hard work from our team and the support of our crowdfunding contributors(new window).
There is still much infrastructure work to be done and we will continue to add improvements on two main fronts. First, we will keep pushing to eliminate single points of failure to reduce the risk of downtime. Secondly, we will work on bringing more components of the internet infrastructure needed to run Proton Mail under our direct control to improve privacy and reliability. We recently took a step in this direction by joining Réseaux IP Européens NCC and becoming a Local Internet Registry which serves Proton Mail exclusively. As you can see, we are far from done and 2015 will certainly be a busy year!
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