all-in-one privacy solution":["Proton Unlimited é uma solução única de privacidade"],"Black Friday":["Black Friday"],"No ads. Privacy by default.":["Sem anúncios. Privacidade por padrão."],"People before profits":["Pessoas acima do lucro"],"Security through transparency":["Segurança por meio da transparência"],"The best Proton Mail ${ BLACK_FRIDAY } deals":["As melhores ofertas de ${ BLACK_FRIDAY } do Proton Mail"],"The world’s only community- supported email service":["O único serviço de e-mail do mundo apoiado pela comunidade"]},"specialoffer:limited":{"${ hours } hour":["${ hours } hora","${ hours } horas"],"${ hoursLeft }, ${ minutesLeft } and ${ secondsLeft } left":["${ hoursLeft }, ${ minutesLeft }, e ${ secondsLeft } restantes"],"${ minutes } minute":["${ minutes } minuto","${ minutes } minutos"],"${ seconds } second":["${ seconds } segundo","${ seconds } segundos"],"Limited time offer":["Oferta por tempo limitado"]},"specialoffer:listitem":{"Create multiple addresses":["Crie vários endereços"],"Hide-my-email aliases":["Use aliases do hide-my-email"],"Quickly unsubscribe from newsletters":["Cancele a assinatura de newsletters rapidamente"],"Use your own domain name":["Use seu próprio nome de domínio"]},"specialoffer:logos":{"As featured in":["Destaques"]},"specialoffer:metadescription":{"Get an encrypted email that protects your privacy":["Obtenha um e-mail criptografado que proteja sua privacidade"]},"specialoffer:metatitle":{"Proton Mail Black Friday Sale - Up to 40% off":["Oferta de Black Friday do Proton Mail - Até 40% de desconto"]},"specialoffer:newmetadescription":{"Get up to 40% off Proton Mail subscriptions this Black Friday. Find great deals on our secure end-to-end encrypted email plans.":["Obtenha até 40% de desconto nas assinaturas do Proton Mail nesta Black Friday. Confira ótimas ofertas em nossos planos de e-mail seguro com criptografia de ponta a ponta."]},"specialoffer:newmetatitle":{"Proton Mail Black Friday sale | Up to 40% off secure email":["Oferta de Black Friday do Proton Mail - Até 40% de desconto no e-mail protegido"]},"specialoffer:note":{"* Billed at ${ TOTAL_SUM } for the first year":["* Com o preço de ${ TOTAL_SUM } no primeiro ano"],"*Billed at ${ TOTAL_SUM } for the first 2 years":["*Com o preço de ${ TOTAL_SUM } nos primeiros dois anos"],"30-day money-back guarantee":["Garantia de reembolso de 30 dias"],"Billed at ${ TOTAL_SUM } for the first 2 years":["Com o preço de ${ TOTAL_SUM } nos primeiros dois anos"],"Billed at ${ TOTAL_SUM } for the first year":["Com o preço de ${ TOTAL_SUM } no primeiro ano"],"You save ${ SAVE_SUM }":["Economize ${ SAVE_SUM }"]},"specialoffer:off":{"${ PERCENT_OFF } off":["-${ PERCENT_OFF }"]},"specialoffer:testimonial":{"I love my ProtonMail":["Adoro ProtonMail"],"My favorite email service":["Meu serviço favorito de e-mail"],"Thanks Proton for keeping us all safe in the complicated internet universe.":["Agradecemos ao Proton por nos manter a salvo no complicado universo da internet."],"You get what you pay for. In the case of big tech, if you pay nothing, you get used. I quit using Gmail and switched to @ProtonMail":["Você recebe pelo que paga. No caso das grandes tecnologias, você se acostuma quando não paga nada. Parei de usar o Gmail e troquei para o @ProtonMail"]},"specialoffer:time":{"Days":["Dias"],"Hours":["Horas"],"Min":["Min"]},"specialoffer:title":{"And much more":["E muito mais"],"Safe from trackers":["A salvo de rastreadores"],"Stay organized":["Mantenha tudo organizado"],"Black Friday email deals":["Ofertas de e-mail da Black Friday"],"Don’t just take our word for it":["Não confie apenas em nossa palavra"],"Make your inbox yours":["Deixe sua caixa de entrada do seu jeito"],"Our story":["Nossa história"],"Transfer your data from Google in one click":["Transfira seus dados do Google com um clique"]},"specialoffer:tooltip":{"Access blocked content and browse privately. Includes ${ TOTAL_VPN_SERVERS }+ servers in ${ TOTAL_VPN_COUNTRIES }+ countries, connect up to 10 devices, access worldwide streaming services, malware and ad-blocker, and more.":["Acesse conteúdo bloqueado e navegue com privacidade. Inclui mais de ${ TOTAL_VPN_SERVERS } servidores em mais de ${ TOTAL_VPN_COUNTRIES } países, conexão com até 10 dispositivos, acesso a serviços de streaming do mundo todo, um bloqueador de anúncios e malware e muito mais."],"Easily share your calendar with your family, friends or colleagues, and view external calendars.":["Compartilhe facilmente seus calendários com amigos, familiares ou colegas e visualize calendários externos."],"Includes support for 1 custom email domain, 10 email addresses, 10 hide-my-email aliases, calendar sharing, and more.":["Inclui suporte para 1 domínio de e-mail personalizado, 10 endereços de e-mail, 10 aliases do hide-my-email, compartilhamento de calendário e muito mais."],"Includes support for 3 custom email domains, 15 email addresses, unlimited hide-my-email aliases, calendar sharing, and more.":["Inclui suporte para 3 domínios de e-mail personalizados, 15 endereços de e-mail, aliases ilimitados do hide-my-email, compartilhamento de calendário e muito mais."],"Manage up to 25 calendars, mobile apps, secured with end-to-end encryption, 1-click calendar import from Google, and more.":["Gerencie até 25 calendários, apps para dispositivos móveis, protegidos com criptografia de ponta a ponta, importação de calendário com 1 clique do Google e muito mais."]},"Status banner":{"Learn more":["Saiba mais"],"Please note that at the moment we are experiencing issues with the ${ issues[0] } service.":["No momento, estamos com problemas no serviço ${ issues[0] }."],"We are experiencing issues with one or more services at the moment.":["No momento, estamos com problemas em um ou mais serviços."]},"Status Banner":{"At the moment we are experiencing issues with the Proton VPN service":["No momento estamos enfrentando problemas com o serviço Proton VPN"],"Learn more":["Saiba mais"]},"steps":{"Step":["Etapa"]},"suggestions":{"Suggestions":["Sugestões"]},"Support":{"Sub category":["Subcategoria","Subcategorias"]},"Support article":{"${ readingTime } min":["${ readingTime } min","${ readingTime } min"],"Category":["Categoria","Categorias"],"Didn’t find what you were looking for?":["Não encontrou o que procura?"],"General contact":["Contato geral"],"Get help":["Obter ajuda"],"Legal contact":["Contato jurídico"],"Media contact":["Contato de mídia"],"Partnerships contact":["Contato de parcerias"],"Reading":["Leitura"]},"Support Form Platform option":{"VPN for Android TV":["VPN para Android TV"],"VPN for Apple TV":["VPN para Apple TV"],"VPN for Chromebook":["VPN para Chromebook"]},"Support troubleshooting":{"App version":["Versão do aplicativo"],"Browser":["Navegador"],"Check if this helps":["Confira se isso ajuda"],"Choose a product":["Selecione um produto"],"Did this solve your issue?":["Isso resolveu seu problema?"],"Faster assistance is just a few clicks away":["Assistência mais rápida a apenas alguns cliques de distância"],"How can we help?":["Como podemos ajudar?"],"No, contact support":["Não, entrar em contato com o suporte"],"Please fill out one field after another":["Preencha os campos em sequência"],"Please make your selections":["Faça suas seleções"],"Proton account":["Conta Proton"],"Proton for Business":["Proton for Business"],"Thank you for your feedback":["Agradecemos pelo feedback"],"What can we help with?":["Com o que podemos ajudar?"],"Yes":["Sim"]},"support_modal_search_query":{"Search query":["Consulta de pesquisa"]},"support_search_button":{"Search":["Pesquisar"]},"support_search_i_am_looking_for":{"I'm looking for":["Estou procurando"]},"SupportForm":{"For a faster resolution, please report the issue from the Bridge app: Help > Report a problem.":["Para uma resolução mais rápida, informe o problema no aplicativo Bridge: Ajuda > Comunicar um problema."],"Information":["Informações"]},"SupportForm:option":{"Account Security":["Segurança da conta"],"Contacts":["Contatos"],"Custom email domain":["Domínio de e-mail personalizado"],"Email delivery and Spam":["Entrega de e-mail e spam"],"Encryption":["Criptografia"],"Login and password":["Início de sessão e senha"],"Merge aliases and accounts":["Combinar alias e contas"],"Migrate to Proton":["Migrar para a Proton"],"Notifications":["Notificações"],"Other":["Outros"],"Plans and billing":["Planos e faturamento"],"Proton for Business":["Proton for Business"],"Sign up":["Criar conta"],"Storage":["Armazenamento"],"Users, addresses, and identities":["Usuários, endereços e identidades"]},"SupportForm:optionIntro":{"Select a topic":["Selecione um tópico"]},"Testimonial":{"Awards":["Prêmios"],"Customers":["Clientes"],"Featured":["Em destaque"],"Go to testimonial source":["Ir para a página inicial de depoimentos"],"Open source of award":["Abrir origem do prêmio"],"Open source of quote":["Abrir origem da citação"],"Reviews":["Avaliações"],"Videos":["Vídeos"],"Watch on TikTok":["Assistir no TikTok"],"Watch on YouTube":["Assistir no 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Many companies that handle personal information reassure their users by saying that all the data is “anonymized.” If you don’t know any better, that sounds reassuring.
However, the method most companies use to anonymize data and the size of modern databases make it easy for attackers to re-identify individuals. From medical records to cell phone data sets, it only takes about a dozen pieces of information to find the person behind each “anonymous” record.
Part of our mission at Proton is to make sure people understand the privacy risks of sharing data. Maintaining your data security means sharing your data only with trustworthy organizations that are clear about what data they collect and what they do with it.
Everyone leaves a trace
By definition, truly anonymized data is stripped of all the elements that could possibly identify the correct individual. (In this article, we’ll refer to this individual as the “data subject,” borrowing the GDPR(nova janela) term.) The most popular mode of anonymization is to remove personally identifiable information from a database, such as your name, your birth date, your phone number, your home address, etc.
On the surface, this might seem like enough to protect your privacy. However, as you begin overlapping different types of data, you can start to identify people. Indeed, one data anonymization company, Aircloak, even acknowledges that true anonymization is extremely difficult(nova janela): “as is the case with IT security, no 100% guarantee can be given, and often there is the need for a risk assessment.”
Here’s an example of re-identification(nova janela) from the Journal of Technology Science that can give you an idea of how this might work. In it, an “anonymous” medical record can be cross-referenced with another source of information (in this case a newspaper brief about a motorcycle crash) to identify the patient’s name.
It only takes 15 data points to make 99.98% of people identifiable in a database of 7 million people, according to one paper published in Nature(nova janela).
Fifteen data attributes may seem like a lot, but it’s not. The report references the Experian data breach(nova janela), which leaked an “anonymized” database containing 248 data points on 120 million Americans. Major political campaigns also keep massive databases(nova janela) (and distribute them to their allies) which include hundreds of data points on their data subjects.
Re-identifying data contained in a supposedly anonymized database is not just a neat statistical trick for academics. It has real-world consequences. Anonymized data is treated differently because it is supposed to protect the privacy of its data subjects.
Some countries do a better job of requiring effective anonymization. The European Union’s GDPR covers this in Recital 26(nova janela), which says that data must truly be anonymous to be exempt from the regulation’s data protection rules. And there are methods of anonymization, such as data generalization or perturbation(nova janela), that are more effective.
However, this issue touches on more than just the technical difficulties presented by anonymization. It also raises the misleading promises companies make when they talk about how they treat your data.
Data analysis can provide numerous benefits to citizens, organizations, and governments, and it is legitimate to collect and analyze data for specific purposes. The distributed privacy-preserving contact tracing(nova janela) project is one example of how data collection could be used to trace COVID-19 infections while protecting individuals’ privacy.
However, data collection must always be made clear to the data subject, and people should always have a choice. Many companies present vague or hard-to-decipher privacy policies(nova janela) that make it almost impossible for data subjects to know what data is being collected and who it is being shared with. These companies treat anonymization as a way to sell data while still meeting the minimum requirement for data security.
However, if malicious actors can re-identify you from anonymized data, it raises ethical questions about such a business model. As a user, it means you should evaluate the companies you share data with even more closely. And companies, at the very least, should notify their users of the risk of re-identification before they share their data. If not, it is impossible for users to give their informed consent.
The Proton solution
When it comes to data protection, the best approach is to collect as little as necessary to securely deliver service to users. At Proton Mail, we work hard to limit the amount of information we collect, as we make clear in our privacy policy(nova janela).
We’ve also removed financial incentives to access users’ data. Proton is funded through a subscription-based, ad-free business model(nova janela). This allows us to focus on our main mission: to increase freedom and privacy online. If we fail to protect your data, we will lose users, which means our interests are aligned with the community’s.
As a tech company made up of physicists and engineers, we recognize the value of data. However, where other companies see your data as a resource to be exploited, we see something personal that belongs to you and deserves safekeeping.
Proton Mail and Proton VPN are funded by community contributions. If you would like to support our development efforts, you can upgrade to a paid plan(nova janela). Thank you for your support.