all-in-one privacy solution":["Proton Unlimited is een all-in-one privacy-oplossing"],"Black Friday":["Black Friday"],"No ads. Privacy by default.":["Geen advertenties. Standaard privacy."],"People before profits":["Mensen vóór winst"],"Security through transparency":["Veiligheid door openheid"],"The best Proton Mail ${ BLACK_FRIDAY } deals":["De beste ${ BLACK_FRIDAY }-deals voor Proton Mail"],"The world’s only community- supported email service":["'s Werelds enige door de community ondersteunde e-mailservice"]},"specialoffer:limited":{"${ hours } hour":["${ hours } uur","${ hours } uur"],"${ hoursLeft }, ${ minutesLeft } and ${ secondsLeft } left":["Nog ${ hoursLeft }, ${ minutesLeft } en ${ secondsLeft } resterend"],"${ minutes } minute":["${ minutes } minuut","${ minutes } minuten"],"${ seconds } second":["${ seconds } seconde","${ seconds } seconden"],"Limited time offer":["Aanbieding beperkt geldig"]},"specialoffer:listitem":{"Create multiple addresses":["Maak meerdere e-mailadressen aan"],"Hide-my-email aliases":["Hide-my-email-aliassen"],"Quickly unsubscribe from newsletters":["Meld u eenvoudig af voor nieuwsbrieven"],"Use your own domain name":["Gebruik uw eigen domeinnaam"]},"specialoffer:logos":{"As featured in":["Zoals te lezen in"]},"specialoffer:metadescription":{"Get an encrypted email that protects your privacy":["Kies voor beveiligde e-mail die uw privacy beschermt"]},"specialoffer:metatitle":{"Proton Mail Black Friday Sale - Up to 40% off":["Proton Mail Black Friday Sale - Tot 40% korting"]},"specialoffer:newmetadescription":{"Get up to 40% off Proton Mail subscriptions this Black Friday. Find great deals on our secure end-to-end encrypted email plans.":["Profiteer tijdens Black Friday van wel 40% korting op Proton Mail-abonnementen. Bekijk geweldige aanbiedingen voor onze veilige, end-to-end versleutelde e-mailabonnementen."]},"specialoffer:newmetatitle":{"Proton Mail Black Friday sale | Up to 40% off secure email":["Proton Mail Black Friday Sale | Tot 40% korting op veilige e-mail"]},"specialoffer:note":{"* Billed at ${ TOTAL_SUM } for the first year":["*U betaalt ${ TOTAL_SUM } voor het eerste jaar"],"*Billed at ${ TOTAL_SUM } for the first 2 years":["*U betaalt ${ TOTAL_SUM } voor de eerste 2 jaar"],"30-day money-back guarantee":["30 dagen niet-goed-geld-terug-garantie"],"Billed at ${ TOTAL_SUM } for the first 2 years":["U betaalt ${ TOTAL_SUM } voor de eerste 2 jaar"],"Billed at ${ TOTAL_SUM } for the first year":["U betaalt ${ TOTAL_SUM } voor het eerste jaar"],"You save ${ SAVE_SUM }":["U bespaart ${ SAVE_SUM }"]},"specialoffer:off":{"${ PERCENT_OFF } off":["−${ PERCENT_OFF }"]},"specialoffer:testimonial":{"I love my ProtonMail":["Ik ben fan van ProtonMail"],"My favorite email service":["Mijn favoriete e-mailservice"],"Thanks Proton for keeping us all safe in the complicated internet universe.":["Proton houdt ons allemaal veilig in het complexe internetuniversum."],"You get what you pay for. In the case of big tech, if you pay nothing, you get used. I quit using Gmail and switched to @ProtonMail":["Je krijgt waarvoor je betaalt. In het geval van Big Tech betekent 'gratis' dat je wordt gebruikt. Ik ben gestopt met Gmail en overgestapt op @ProtonMail"]},"specialoffer:time":{"Days":["Dagen"],"Hours":["Uur"],"Min":["Min"]},"specialoffer:title":{"And much more":["En nog veel meer"],"Safe from trackers":["Beschermd tegen trackers"],"Stay organized":["Blijf georganiseerd"],"Black Friday email deals":["Black Friday-deals voor e-mail"],"Don’t just take our word for it":["U hoeft ons niet te geloven"],"Make your inbox yours":["Maak uw inbox van u"],"Our story":["Ons verhaal"],"Transfer your data from Google in one click":["Zet uw gegevens van Google over met één klik"]},"specialoffer:tooltip":{"Access blocked content and browse privately. Includes ${ TOTAL_VPN_SERVERS }+ servers in ${ TOTAL_VPN_COUNTRIES }+ countries, connect up to 10 devices, access worldwide streaming services, malware and ad-blocker, and more.":["Bekijk geblokkeerde inhoud en surf privé. Met ${ TOTAL_VPN_SERVERS }+ servers in meer dan ${ TOTAL_VPN_COUNTRIES } landen, verbinding met maximaal 10 apparaten, wereldwijd toegang tot streamingdiensten, malware- en advertentieblokkering, en meer."],"Easily share your calendar with your family, friends or colleagues, and view external calendars.":["Deel uw agenda eenvoudig met uw familie, vrienden of collega's, en bekijk externe agenda's."],"Includes support for 1 custom email domain, 10 email addresses, 10 hide-my-email aliases, calendar sharing, and more.":["Ondersteuning voor 1 aangepast e-maildomein, 10 e-mailadressen, 10 hide-my-email-aliassen, gedeelde agenda's en meer."],"Includes support for 3 custom email domains, 15 email addresses, unlimited hide-my-email aliases, calendar sharing, and more.":["Ondersteuning voor 3 aangepaste e-maildomeinen, 15 e-mailadressen, onbeperkt hide-my-email-aliassen, gedeelde agenda's en meer."],"Manage up to 25 calendars, mobile apps, secured with end-to-end encryption, 1-click calendar import from Google, and more.":["Beheer tot 25 agenda's, mobiele apps, beveiligd met end-to-end versleuteling, agenda's van Google importeren met 1 klik, en meer."]},"Status Banner":{"At the moment we are experiencing issues with the Proton VPN service":["Momenteel werkt de dienst van Proton VPN niet naar behoren"]},"Status banner":{"Learn more":["Meer informatie"],"Please note that at the moment we are experiencing issues with the ${ issues[0] } service.":["We ondervinden op dit moment problemen met de ${ issues[0] }service."],"We are experiencing issues with one or more services at the moment.":["We ondervinden momenteel problemen met een of meer services."]},"steps":{"Step":["Stap"]},"suggestions":{"Suggestions":["Suggesties"]},"Support":{"Sub category":["Subcategorie","Subcategorieën"]},"Support article":{"${ readingTime } min":["${ readingTime } min","${ readingTime } min"],"Category":["Categorie","Categorieën"],"Didn’t find what you were looking for?":["Niet gevonden wat u zocht?"],"General contact":["Algemene contactgegevens"],"Get help":["Krijg hulp"],"Legal contact":["Contactgegevens voor juridische zaken"],"Media contact":["Contactgegevens voor media"],"Partnerships contact":["Contactgegevens voor partnerschappen"],"Reading":["Lezen"]},"Support Form Platform option":{"VPN for Android TV":["VPN voor Android TV"],"VPN for Apple TV":["VPN voor Apple TV"],"VPN for Chromebook":["VPN voor Chromebook"]},"Support troubleshooting":{"App version":["App-versie"],"Browser":["Browser"],"Check if this helps":["Kijk of dit helpt"],"Choose a product":["Kies een product"],"Did this solve your issue?":["Heeft dit uw probleem opgelost?"],"Faster assistance is just a few clicks away":["Snellere hulp is met een paar klikken geregeld"],"How can we help?":["Hoe kunnen we helpen?"],"No, contact support":["Nee, contact opnemen met ondersteuning"],"Please fill out one field after another":["Vul de velden achter elkaar in"],"Please make your selections":["Maak een keuze"],"Proton account":["Proton-account"],"Proton for Business":["Proton for Business"],"Thank you for your feedback":["Bedankt voor uw feedback"],"What can we help with?":["Waar kunnen we mee helpen?"],"Yes":["Ja"]},"support_modal_search_query":{"Search query":["Zoekopdracht"]},"support_search_button":{"Search":["Zoeken"]},"support_search_i_am_looking_for":{"I'm looking for":["Ik ben op zoek naar"]},"SupportForm":{"For a faster resolution, please report the issue from the Bridge app: Help > Report a problem.":["Om problemen sneller op te lossen, meldt u het via de Bridge-app: Help > Een probleem melden."],"Information":["Informatie"]},"SupportForm:option":{"Account Security":["Accountbeveiliging"],"Contacts":["Contactpersonen"],"Custom email domain":["Aangepast e-maildomein"],"Email delivery and Spam":["E-maillevering en spam"],"Encryption":["Versleuteling"],"Login and password":["Inlognaam en wachtwoord"],"Merge aliases and accounts":["Aliassen en accounts samenvoegen"],"Migrate to Proton":["Migreren naar Proton"],"Notifications":["Meldingen"],"Other":["Overig"],"Plans and billing":["Abonnementen en facturering"],"Proton for Business":["Proton for Business"],"Sign up":["Inschrijven"],"Storage":["Opslag"],"Users, addresses, and identities":["Gebruikers, adressen en identiteiten"]},"SupportForm:optionIntro":{"Select a topic":["Kies een onderwerp"]},"Testimonial":{"Awards":["Awards"],"Customers":["Klanten"],"Featured":["Featured"],"Go to testimonial source":["Naar bron van testimonial"],"Open source of award":["Bron van award openen"],"Open source of quote":["Bron van citaat openen"],"Reviews":["Reviews"],"Videos":["Video's"],"Watch on TikTok":["Bekijken op TikTok"],"Watch on YouTube":["Bekijken op YouTube"]},"TestimonialCategory":{"Awards":["Awards"],"Customers":["Klanten"],"Featured":["Featured"],"Media":["Media"],"Reviews":["Reviews"],"Videos":["Video's"]},"Text":{"If you need help, check out our ${ supportLink }.":["Bekijk onze ${ supportLink } als u hulp nodig hebt."],"The page you’re looking for might have been removed, or it could be an\nold link.":["De pagina waarnaar u op zoek bent, is mogelijk verwijderd, of u gebruikt een oude koppeling."],"Your question may already have an answer in our knowledge base:":["Uw vraag is mogelijk al beantwoord in onze kennisbank:"]},"Title":{"On this page":["Op deze pagina"],"Page not found":["Pagina niet gevonden"],"Related articles":["Gerelateerde artikelen"],"Share ${ thisPage }":["${ thisPage } delen"],"Switch to Proton Pass - Contact us":["Stap over op Proton Pass - Neem contact met ons op"],"Thank you!":["Bedankt!"],"this page":["deze pagina"]},"tooltip_vpn":{"Access blocked content and browse privately. Includes ${ TOTAL_VPN_SERVERS }+ servers in ${ TOTAL_VPN_COUNTRIES }+ countries, highest VPN speed, ${ TOTAL_VPN_CONNECTIONS } VPN connections, worldwide streaming services, malware and ad-blocker, and more.":["Bekijk geblokkeerde inhoud en surf privé. Met meer dan ${ TOTAL_VPN_SERVERS } servers in meer dan ${ TOTAL_VPN_COUNTRIES } landen, de hoogste VPN-snelheid, ${ TOTAL_VPN_CONNECTIONS } VPN-verbindingen, wereldwijde streamingdiensten, malware- en advertentieblokkering, en meer."]},"vpn_servers":{"Get Proton VPN Plus":["Neem Proton VPN Plus"]},"wallet_signup_2024:Action":{"Get Proton Wallet":["Kies Proton Wallet"]},"wallet_signup_2024:Homepage hero product link title":{"Wallet":["Wallet"]},"wallet_signup_2024:Homepage product navigation bar":{"Wallet":["Wallet"]},"wallet_signup_2024:menu item":{"Bitcoin guide":["Bitcoin-gids"],"Proton Wallet news":["Proton Wallet-nieuws"],"Proton Wallet support":["Ondersteuning voor Proton Wallet"]},"wallet_signup_2024:Pricing":{"Includes everything in Proton Unlimited and":["Omvat alles van Proton Unlimited en"],"Limited availability":["Beperkte beschikbaarheid"],"The easiest way to securely own, send, and receive Bitcoin":["De eenvoudigste manier om Bitcoin veilig te bewaren, versturen en ontvangen"]},"wallet_signup_2024:ProductRange":{"Discover Proton Wallet":["Ontdek Proton Wallet"],"Store and transact Bitcoin privately with an encrypted self-custody wallet.":["Bewaar en verhandel Bitcoin privé met een versleutelde zelfbeheerde portemonnee."]},"wallet_signup_2024:wallet bitcoin":{"Learn about Bitcoin, the Internet's value network.":["Meer informatie over Bitcoin, het valutanetwerk van het internet."]},"wallet_signup_2024:wallet overview":{"Ensure you're always in control of your Bitcoin.":["Zorg dat u altijd de controle heeft over uw Bitcoins."]},"wallet_signup_2024:wallet security":{"The encrypted, open-source wallet that puts you in control.":["De versleutelde, open-source portemonnee waarvan u de baas bent."]}}},"base":"blog","cdn":{"enabledForAssets":true,"enabledForImages":true,"url":"https://pmecdn.protonweb.com/"},"unleashApi":"https://account.proton.me/api"};
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Proton Pass is an end-to-end encrypted password manager based on the same well-tested encryption that secures the rest of the Proton ecosystem. Proton Pass is unique in that it was designed from the ground up to have a strong focus on privacy and security. It therefore has a more complete encryption model than most other password managers.
Proton Pass doesn’t just encrypt the password field but applies end-to-end encryption to all fields, including usernames, web addresses, and all data contained in the encrypted notes section.
This means Proton Pass prevents anyone, including Proton itself, from knowing which online services you subscribe to or have accounts with. This information, much like your emails or your browsing history, can reveal a lot about you and must be protected if you want to maintain your privacy.
The design of Proton Pass uses end-to-end encryption, guaranteeing that all cryptographic operations, including key generation and data encryption, are performed locally on your device. This means that your unencrypted data cannot be accessed by Proton or shared with any third parties. Proton servers never have access to your unencrypted keys, data, or credentials, including your Proton Account password.
Data model
Proton Pass enables you to store various types of information securely, including:
Credentials: You can store access credentials to websites or apps, which may include a username or email, a password, and a second-factor authentication code (TOTP).
Notes: You can securely store any information that doesn’t fit in a credential field in this free-form text field, including license numbers, codes, or simple text notes.
Aliases: You can also create email aliases with Proton Pass. This feature enables you to create randomly generated email addresses that you can use in place of your real email addresses for online accounts. This makes it easy to shut down an alias that’s linked to a service that’s breached or begins sending you spam without affecting your other accounts.
Proton Pass stores all these items within a secure vault. Vaults provide a convenient way for you to organize and (in the future) securely share your data.
Encryption model
Proton Pass takes a comprehensive approach to ensuring maximum security and privacy for all user data. All cryptographic operations occur locally on your device, and any data transmitted to the server is always encrypted. Proton never has access to the plaintext keys required to decrypt user data, making it impossible for Proton to decrypt stored data, even if requested by third parties.
Proton Pass also benefits from the same advanced encryption we utilize for authentication in Proton Mail. This includes using a hardened version of the Secure Remote Password (SRP) protocol that offers stronger security guarantees against man-in-the-middle (MITM) attacks. Our implementation means that even an attacker who can arbitrarily read, modify, delay, destroy, repeat, or fabricate messages between Proton and a user in an undetectable fashion is limited to checking only a single password guess per login attempt, which is equivalent to just trying to log in directly. This way, even if Proton is compromised and acts maliciously, password-equivalent information is never revealed.
Each Proton Pass user has an asymmetric user key. Proton Pass encrypts this user key as follows:
Accounts that use a single account password: Proton Pass encrypts the user key with a bcrypt hash of the account password and the account salt.
Accounts that use our multiple account passwords feature: Proton Pass encrypts the user key with a bcrypt hash of the key password and the account salt.
The user key is used to open all shares you can access, meaning it must be secured. The bcrypt password hashing implementation used by Proton Pass is more robust and secure than PBKDF2, which has led to breaches in other password managers.
When you create a vault, Proton Pass generates a 32-byte random vault key. This key is encrypted and signed with your user key, ensuring only you can decrypt the vault key and nobody (not even Proton) can read or create new vault keys. If several users have access to the same vault, Proton Pass will encrypt the vault key with each user’s public user key. This makes it easy to securely share access to vaults.
Once you have access to the vault key, all items in Proton Pass are encrypted using 256-bit AES-GCM.
Item encryption
Each vault can contain multiple items, such as logins, notes, and aliases. When you create a new item, Proton Pass generates a 32-byte random item key. Proton Pass encrypts that item using the newly generated item key, which itself is then encrypted with your vault key. Both the item key and the item data are encrypted using 256-bit AES-GCM.
Whenever you update an item, Proton Pass encrypts the new data using the previously generated corresponding item key. By using individual item keys for each item, Proton Pass lets you share specific items with other users without sharing the vault key, allowing for more fine-tuned access control.
This approach enables Proton Pass to respect the security principle of least privilege by providing the minimum number of cryptographic keys necessary to access only the data shared.
Sharing
The Proton ecosystem already has open-source, publicly audited, and battle-tested secure sharing encryption models for Proton Drive and Proton Calendar, and we’ve leveraged this experience to design Proton Pass. The Proton Pass encryption model enables you to share your vaults with others, and we plan on adding more sophisticated sharing functionalities as Proton Pass evolves. Currently, you must be a vault administrator to share your vault keys.
Sharing encrypted information requires sharing and distributing public keys, which creates the potential for man-in-the-middle (MITM) attacks, specifically the distribution of fake public keys. In addition to user keys, each Proton user has one or more address keys for each email address associated with their account. This address key is a public key linked to a verifiable identity and published in Proton’s Key Transparency system, ensuring they can’t be maliciously modified by an attacker. We’ll share more information about Proton’s Key Transparency system in the future.
If you’re the vault administrator, you can share your vault key and Proton Pass will encrypt it with your recipient’s address key, ensuring only they can access it.
After your intended recipient receives your encrypted vault key, they will validate its signature using your address key. This step verifies that the invitation legitimately came from you. Once the signature has been validated, Proton Pass will encrypt the vault key using your recipient’s user key and store it securely.
Conclusion
Like all Proton services, Proton Pass will be open source upon release. Anyone will be able to consult the source code to verify our security model. As with our other services, Proton Pass will also undergo regular independent security audits and these audit reports will be shared publicly as soon as they are available.
Finally, for interested security researchers, Proton Pass is eligible for Proton’s Bug Bounty program that offers awards of up to $10,000 for the discovery of bugs in Proton’s software.
This work was conducted by Adrià Casajús, Son Nguyen Kim, Carlos Quintana, Daniel Huigens, and Lara Bruseghini from the Proton identity and cryptography teams.
Thousands of businesses of all sizes were impacted by cybercrime in 2024. Here
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Proton Pass can protect your business.